Model: Behaviour & Cognitive Bias

When perception systematically deviates—illusions, context effects—so the same data looks different.

Habits run on a loop: cue → craving → response → reward. Make good loops easy and satisfying; break bad ones by keeping the cue and reward but changing the routine.

Align your state, story and strategy; order matters.

A neutral cue paired with a meaningful event can come to trigger the response on its own.

Over‑applying a favourite tool (“to a man with a hammer, everything looks like a nail”).

Don’t attribute to malice what can be explained by error, ignorance or misaligned incentives.

A practical way to align what you love, what you’re good at, what the world needs, and what pays—while honouring small, everyday sources of meaning.

Munger’s term for multiple biases/incentives acting together to produce extreme outcomes.

Confirmation Bias is a practical lens to frame decisions and reduce error.

Choices shift with wording. The same facts, framed differently, lead to different decisions.

Festinger’s insight: when beliefs and actions clash, we rationalise.

Borrowed from chemistry and habit design: reduce the upfront effort to make the desired action easier than the default.